PhD Researcher

Nina
Nusbaumer

Exploring the extent to which (large) language models process language the way humans do — and how they can be used as plausible cognitive models.

Computational Psycholinguistics Language Models Cognitive Science NLP
Nina Nusbaumer
📍 Paris, France
Affiliations
LLF, CNRS — Université Paris Cité Project — ANR COMPO Visited — COLT, Universitat Pompeu Fabra
01

News

Dec 2025
Presenting a new benchmark dataset for evaluating language models against human processing behavior at the Computational Psycholinguistic Meeting.
📍 Utrecht, Netherlands
Jul 2025
Presenting Évaluer la capacité des transformeurs à distinguer les significations compositionnelles et idiomatiques d'une même expression at TALN 2025.
📍 Marseille, France
Jun 2025
Co-organizing the 2025 edition of REST-CL — REtreat for Students in Computational Linguistics.
📍 Tarragona, Spain
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About Me

I am a PhD student specializing in computational psycholinguistics and machine learning. My research focuses on human-inspired sentence processing in large language models — investigating the extent to which these models align with human cognition, with the broader goal of leveraging them to deepen our understanding of human language and language impairments.

I work at the Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle (LLF), CNRS, at Université Paris Cité, under the supervision of Benoît Crabbé and Guillaume Wisniewski.

My PhD is part of the ANR-funded project COMPO where, together with other research groups, we explore ways to embed inductive biases related to compositionality and memory constraints in language models, in order to build models that are more efficient, using less data and fewer computational resources, and more cognitively plausible.

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Research Interests

🧠
Human & Artificial Language Processing
Comparing how humans and language models process sentences, with a focus on psycholinguistic predictors.
🔍
Language Model Interpretability
Understanding the internal representations of (large) language models and what they reveal about linguistic structure and meaning composition.
💬
Psycholinguistics & Cognitive Neuroscience of Language
Using computational methods to shed light on language impairments and the neural substrates of language comprehension.
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Publications & Presentations

Under Review
A controlled reading time dataset for modeling human sentence processing difficulty
Nusbaumer, N., de-Dios-Flores, I., Bel, C., Pallier, C., Wisniewski, G., & Crabbé, B.
Under Review
Accepted
Assessing the import of morphology in gender assignment: A computational study of French
Shafiabadi*, N., Nusbaumer*, N. & Bonami*, O.
Lexique Journal — 2026
Published
Évaluer la capacité des transformeurs à distinguer les significations compositionnelles et idiomatiques d'une même expression
Nusbaumer, N., Wisniewski, G., Crabbé, B.
TALN 2025
PDF via ACL Anthology ↗
Spotlight
Dependency length, syntactic complexity & memory: A reading time benchmark for sentence processing modeling
Nusbaumer, N., Bel, C., de-Dios-Flores, I., Wisniewski, G., Crabbé, B.
Computational Psycholinguistics Meeting (CPL) 2025
Poster
Évaluer la capacité des transformeurs à distinguer les significations compositionnelles et idiomatiques d'une même expression
Nusbaumer, N., Wisniewski, G., Crabbé, B.
TALN 2025
Talk
Assessing the import of morphology in gender assignment: A computational study of French
Shafiabadi, N., Nusbaumer, N., Bonami, O.
LLcD 2024
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Experience & Activities

Research Stay
Visiting PhD Researcher
Barcelona, Spain · Jan 2025 – Jan 2026
Computational Linguistics and Linguistic Theory (COLT) — Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Supervision: Iria de-Dios-Flores
Research Positions
Research Intern — Interpretability of Transformers' Encoding of Idiomaticity
Paris, France · Feb – Jul 2024
Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle (LLF Lab)
Exploration of the encoding of non- (or partially) compositional compound words in Transformer language models.
Supervision: Benoît Crabbé & Guillaume Wisniewski
Research Assistant — Discourse Analysis of Psychological Pain
Paris, France · May – Aug 2023
INSERM & Lattice Lab
Linguistic and phenomenological characterization of the psychological pain of depressed patients within the framework of an international multidisciplinary research project.
Supervision: Astrid Chevance & Laure Sarda
Research Intern — Gender Bias in Pretrained Language Models
Paris, France · Mar – Apr 2023
Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle (LLF Lab)
Programming of computational tasks aimed at analyzing gender biases in the pre-trained FlauBERT model based on psycholinguistic studies.
Supervision: Heather Burnett
Research Assistant — Corpus Annotation in Syntax and Semantics
Paris, France · Jun – Aug 2021
Lattice Lab
Corpus annotation in syntax and semantics of quasi-synonymous verbal constructions, as well as the aspect of the verb arriver and its nominalization.
Supervision: Laure Sarda
Teaching
Introduction to Python Programming
Université Paris Cité · 2025–2026
Theoretical and Experimental Linguistics and Phonetics Master
Supervision
Anna MikhnevaEvaluating (L)LMs generalization capacities
Master student · Mar – Jun 2026
Université Paris Cité
Co-supervisor: Benoît Crabbé
Yannick BrenningArtificial dataset generation using a PCFG and LLM prompting
Master student · Jul – Dec 2025
Leipzig University
Co-supervisor: Benoît Crabbé
Service
Scientific Council Member, Linguistics Faculty
Université Paris Cité · 2025–2027
Master–PhD Mentoring Program Organizer
Université Paris Cité · 2026
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Education

PhD in Computational Psycholinguistics
LLF, CNRS — Université Paris Cité 🇫🇷
Bridging cognitive science and machine learning, my doctoral work focuses on modeling human-like sentence processing in language models.
MRes in Computational Linguistics
Université Paris Cité 🇫🇷
Strengthened my technical foundation in NLP and machine learning, laying the groundwork for my current research.
MRes in Multilingual Communication
Université de Liège 🇧🇪 & Universidad Complutense de Madrid 🇪🇸 (1 year Erasmus +)
Focused on English, German, and Spanish linguistics, philology, and discourse analysis, with training in communication strategy and research methods.
BA in Philological Studies
Aix-Marseille Université 🇫🇷 & Universität Leipzig 🇩🇪 (1 year Erasmus +)
A strong foundation in the structure, history, and diversity of languages through immersion in Romance and Germanic philologies.
Training
Lisbon Machine Learning School (LxMLS)
Lisbon, Portugal · Jul 2025
Summer School — Instituto Superior Técnico
Deepening of machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing processes with hands-on coding labs and lectures by leading researchers.
Experimental Grammar (ExpGram)
Porquerolles, France · Jun 2024
Summer School — Labex EFL & PGSL
Experimental methods, large-scale corpus-based quantitative studies, novel approaches in language science, human processing, and performance by large language models.
Specialization in Data & Artificial Intelligence
Lille, France · Jun – Aug 2022
Summer School — Simplon
Introduction to programming including Object-Oriented Programming, data analysis, and Machine Learning.
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Contact

Interested in my work or want to collaborate? Feel free to reach out via email or connect on social media.